coalesce observations from Hubble with observations from JWST has strengthened the measurement of the enlargement rate ( also have sex as the Hubble constant ) in the more local universe of discourse . And the value is definitely unlike from the one from the ancient cosmos . It seems that the fault is not in our stars but in our model .
“ With mensuration errors negated , what remains is the tangible and exciting possibility that we have misunderstood the Universe , ” lead author and Nobel Laureate Adam Riess , a physicist at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore , say in astatement .
To measure the space of target in the universe , there are a few methods . One uses Type Ia supernova . These explosion have always roughly the same luminosity because they are created when a white midget steal enough stuff to catastrophically collapse and go boom . Since there is a undivided threshold for that limitation , the light produced is always the same .
Knowing how luminous they are and measuring the brightness we get here – so how much they dimmed – we can work out the distance . Another stratum of objects for which this trick work are Cepheids variables . Astronomer Henrietta Swan Leavitt actualize that their beat was linked to their intrinsic brightness so we can work out the space in a similar fashion .
Type Ia supernovae are expect to happen once per one C in a galaxy so , while shiny , they are not that unwashed . Cepheid variables are more common but one of the concerns with Hubble was that their light might be confuse with other stars or affected by dust .
JWSTcan see through the rubble and its keener optic can exactly spot the specific virtuoso without muddiness . Its observations included five host galaxies of eight Type Ia supernova hold in a total of 1,000 Cepheids – so having two independent methods . The observations stretched out to 130 million light - years from us .
This data shows that errors in the notice of the Cepheids do not contribute to the Hubble tension . The discrepancy is not triggered by bad measurements . “ We ’ve now spanned the whole mountain chain of what Hubble observed , and we can rule out a measurement fault as the cause of the Hubble Tension with very high confidence , ” Riess append .
The Euclid missionary work , launch last year , and some forthcoming observatories might furnish better perceptiveness into the tension just by the sheer volume of their observations . They may also help us actualise how the current understanding of the universe , which has so far shown noteworthy prognostic power , needs to be changed to make good sense of what we see out there .
A paper discussing the answer is published inThe Astrophysical Journal Letters .
